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Description |
Geographic Range [top]
Range Description: Echinochloa frumentacea occurs in tropical warm Asia and Africa, naturalized in America and Ukraine. Also found in East Africa, Pakistan, India, Sri Lanka through South East Asia to New Guinea and Australia. In India, the species is mainly reported from Bihar, Goa, Jammu and Kashmir, Karnataka, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, Sikkim and Tamil Nadu (Cook 1996) whereas Kabeer and Nair (2009) states that the species is widely present in almost all part of India. In Maharashtra it is recorded from Ahmednagar, Akola, Amaravathi, Chandraour, Dhule, Jalgaon, Nagpur, Nasik, Pune, Raigad, Ratnagiri, Satara, Sindhudurg and Thane (Lakshminarasimhan 1996). Deshpande et al. (1995) reported the species from Jadholi and Taldeo of Maharashtra district. In Madhya Pradesh the species is found in Balaghat and Indore (Roy 2001). In Tamil Nadu Chegalpattu, Coimbatore, Cuddalore, Dindigul, Erode, Kachipuram, Krishnagiri, Madurai, Pudukottai, Ramanathapuram, Salem, South Arcot, Thanjavur, Theni, Tiruchirappalli (RHT), Villupuram (Kabeer and Nair 2009). In Kerala the species is reported from Nedumudy and Pallathuruthy of Alleppey (Sreekumar and Nair 1991). In Andhra Pradesh it occurs in Vijaynagaram, Nellore, Kurnool and Anantapur (Pullaiah 1997).
Countries occurrence:
Native:
Angola (Angola); Australia; Bangladesh; Bhutan; Burundi; China (Tibet [or Xizang], Yunnan); Congo; Congo, The Democratic Republic of the; Ethiopia; Gambia; India (Andhra Pradesh, Bihar, Goa, Jammu-Kashmir, Karnataka, Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Sikkim, Tamil Nadu); Kenya; Lao Peoples Democratic Republic; Malawi; Malaysia; Myanmar; Nigeria; Pakistan; Philippines; Singapore; South Africa; South Sudan; Sri Lanka; Sudan; Tanzania, United Republic of; Thailand; Togo; Viet Nam; Zimbabwe
Introduced:
Ukraine (Ukraine (main part)); United States
Range Map: Click here to open the map viewer and explore range.
Population [top]
Population: It is a widely distributed and common species.
Current Population Trend: Stable
Additional data:
?Population severely fragmented: No
Habitat and Ecology [top]
Habitat and Ecology: It is herbaceous, tufted annual or perennial. Not confined to wetlands but often found along rivers and round ponds as the water recedes. A common weed in rice fields. It is often cultivated as a dry season crop, particularly in river beds (Cook 1996). It is abundant in aquatic or semi-aquatic systems like marshes and cultivated fields (Kabeer and Nair 2009).
Systems: Terrestrial; Freshwater
Continuing decline in area, extent and/or quality of habitat: No
Use and Trade [top]
Use and Trade: It is used as fodder (Kabeer and Nair 2009) and grains.
Threats [top]
Major Threat(s): There are no threats to the species.
Conservation Actions [top]
Conservation Actions: There is no special conservation action in place or needed for the species.
Citation: Anitha, K. 2013. Echinochloa frumentacea. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2013: e.T177074A7350328. http://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2011-1.RLTS.T177074A7350328.en. Downloaded on 03 May 2016.
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