| Taxon ID: 22,225 Total records: 39,143 | ||||||||||||||
Shirakiopsis indica
Country
| Country | Myanmar |
|---|---|
| Continent Ocean | Asia |
Classification
| Kingdom | Plantae (COL) |
|---|---|
| Phylum | Tracheophyta (COL) |
| Class | Magnoliopsida (COL) |
| Order | Malpighiales (COL) |
| Family | Euphorbiaceae (COL) |
Taxonomy
| Genus | Shirakiopsis | Reference | |
|---|---|---|---|
| SubGenus | Vernacular Name | ||
| Species | indica | IUCN Threat Status-Year | Data Deficient, 2010 |
| SubSpecies | Nat'l Threat Status-Year | Not Evaluated, 2000 | |
| Infraspecies | Reason for Change | ||
| Infraspecies Rank | CITES | ||
| Taxonomic Group | Plants | Native Status | Native |
| Scientific Name Author | (Willd.) Esser | Country Distribution | Myanmar |
| Citation | Description | Geographic Range [top]
Range Description: The distribution of this species is not well known. It is found in India, the Sundamans, Bangladesh, Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar. In Australasia the species is found in Papua New Guinea and the Solomon Islands.
Countries occurrence:
Native:
Bangladesh; India; Indonesia; Malaysia; Myanmar; Papua New Guinea; Solomon Islands
FAO Marine Fishing Areas:
Native:
Indian Ocean – eastern; Pacific – western central
Range Map: Click here to open the map viewer and explore range.
Population [top]
Population: Although there is no species specific population information, it can be assumed that there are areas of population decline throughout its range due to coastal development.
Current Population Trend: Decreasing
Additional data:
?Population severely fragmented: No
Habitat and Ecology [top]
Habitat and Ecology: This species is poorly known. It occurs in back stands, but there is little information available on the habitat and ecology of this species.
Systems: Terrestrial; Freshwater; Marine
Use and Trade [top]
Use and Trade: It is not known if this species is specifically used.
Threats [top]
Major Threat(s): Sea level rise is a major threat, especially to back mangroves that have no area in which to expand. Mangrove species with a habitat on the landward margin may be particularly vulnerable to sea-level rise if owing to coastal development their movement inland is blocked. Although local estimates are uncertain due to differing legislative definitions of what is a mangrove and to the imprecision in determining mangrove area, current consensus estimates of mangrove loss in the last quarter-century report an approximately 24% decline in mangrove areas in countries within this species range since 1980 (FAO 2007).
All mangrove ecosystems occur within mean sea level and high tidal elevations, and have distinct species zonations that are controlled by the elevation of the substrate relative to mean sea level. This is because of associated variation in frequency of elevation, salinity and wave action (Duke et al. 1998). With rise in sea-level, the habitat requirements of each species will be disrupted, and species zones will suffer mortality at their present locations and re-establish at higher elevations in areas that were previously landward zones (Ellison 2005). If sea-level rise is a continued trend over this century, then there will be continued mortality and re-establishment of species zones. However, species that are easily dispersed and fast growing/ ast producing will cope better than those which are slower growing and slower to reproduce.
In addition, mangrove area is declining globally due to a number of localized threats. The main threat is habitat destruction and removal of mangrove areas. Reasons for removal include cleared for shrimp farms, agriculture, fish ponds, rice production and salt pans, and for the development of urban and industrial areas, road construction, coconut plantations, ports, airports, and tourist resorts. Other threats include pollution from sewage effluents, solid wastes, siltation, oil, and agricultural and urban runoff. Climate change is also thought to be a threat, particularly at the edges of a species range. Natural threats include cyclones, hurricane and tsunamis.
Conservation Actions [top]
Conservation Actions: There are no conservation measures specific to this species, but its range may include some marine and coastal protected areas. Continued monitoring and research is recommended, as well as the inclusion of mangrove areas in marine and coastal protected areas.
More research is needed on this species distribution, population trends, habitat and ecology, and major threats.
Citation: Ellison, J., Koedam, N.E., Wang, Y., Primavera, J., Jin Eong, O., Wan-Hong Yong, J. & Ngoc Nam, V. 2010. Excoecaria indica. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2010: e.T178836A7622053. http://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2010-2.RLTS.T178836A7622053.en. Downloaded on 11 May 2016.
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Record Level
Growth Parameters
| Temperature | 0 | Observed Weight | 0 |
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| Sex | Previous Catalog Number | ||
| Life Stage | Relationship Type | ||
| Preparation Type | Related Catalog Item | ||
| Individual Count | 0 | GML Features | |
| Observerd Individual Count | 0 | Notes |
Collecting Event
Images
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Additional Info
Synonyms To Manage Synonyms for Shirakiopsis indica, click this link: Synonyms. |
Xcoecaria diversifolia (Miq.) Müll.Arg. ¦ Excoecaria indica (Willd.) Müll.Arg. ¦ Sapium bingerium Roxb. ex Willd., pro syn. ¦ Sapium bingyricum Roxb. ex Baill. ¦ Sapium diversifolium (Miq.) Pax ¦ Sapium hurmais Buch.-Ham. ¦ Sapium indicum Willd. ¦ Shirakia indica (Willd.) Hurus. ¦ Stillingia bingyrica Baill., nom. inval. ¦ Stillingia diversifolia Miq. ¦ Stillingia indica (Willd.) Oken ¦ |
Common Names To Manage Common Names for Shirakiopsis indica, click this link: Common Names. |
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Localities To Manage Localities for Shirakiopsis indica, click this link: Localities. |
Species Record Details Encoded By:
Carlos Aurelio Callangan
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Species Record Updated By:
Carlos Aurelio Callangan
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