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Description |
Geographic Range [top]
Range Description: This species is found in the western Pacific, from the Ryuku Islands, southern Japan (Masuda et al. 1984) south to the Great Barrier Reef in the east and the Kimberlys in the west of Australia (Randall et al. 1990) and east to Samoa (Wass 1984) and Tonga (Randall et al. 2003). Western limits are most likely eastern Java, Indonesia. It is replaced by Halichoeres vrolikii in the Indian Ocean (Myers 1999). It is also known from Thailand and Nha Trang, Vietnam (R. Myers pers. comm. 2009).
Countries occurrence:
Native:
American Samoa (American Samoa); Australia; Fiji; Indonesia; Japan; Kiribati; Malaysia; Marshall Islands; Micronesia, Federated States of ; Nauru; New Caledonia; Palau; Papua New Guinea; Philippines; Samoa; Solomon Islands; Taiwan, Province of China; Thailand; Tonga; Tuvalu; Vanuatu; Viet Nam; Wallis and Futuna
FAO Marine Fishing Areas:
Native:
Indian Ocean – eastern; Pacific – eastern central; Pacific – northwest; Pacific – western central
Lower depth limit (metres): 25
Upper depth limit (metres): 2
Range Map: Click here to open the map viewer and explore range.
Population [top]
Population: This species is uncommon (found at only five out of 19 sites) in Banda Flores, Indonesia (Mous 2002).
On the east coast of Peninsular Malaysia, an estimated mean density of 0.8 individuals from twenty 50 m X 5 m transects was recorded in underwater fish visual surveys (Yusuf et al. 2002).
Current Population Trend: Unknown
Additional data:
?Population severely fragmented: No
Habitat and Ecology [top]
Habitat and Ecology: This species is found mostly on shallow coral reefs and rocky shores (Westneat 2001). The duration of the larval stage was recorded at 22.1 (SD 1.6) days, range: 20-24 m (Victor 1986). It feeds on small invertebrates such as polychaetes, copepods, isopods and forams (Myers 1991).
Systems: Marine
Use and Trade [top]
Use and Trade: This species is collected for the aquarium trade. Market prices range from USD 4.00 (small, medium), 5.50 (large), and 6.00 (jumbo) per live fish.
Threats [top]
Major Threat(s): There are no major threats known for this species. However, there are human impacts on coral reefs in parts of its distribution (Hodgson 1999, Burke et al. 2002).
Conservation Actions [top]
Conservation Actions: There are no specific conservation measures in place for this species. Its distribution overlaps several marine protected areas within its range. The Marine Aquarium Council also sets standards and certification for species collected for the aquarium trade. In Australia, there are regulations in place for the trade of this species.
Citation: Cabanban, A., Choat, J.H., Pollard, D. & Myers, R. 2010. Halichoeres melanurus. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2010: e.T187677A8598030. http://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2010-4.RLTS.T187677A8598030.en. Downloaded on 08 June 2016.
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Western Pacific: Japan (Ref. 559) south to the Great Barrier Reef (Ref. 2334) and east to Samoa (Ref. 592) and Tonga (Ref. 53797). Replaced by Halichoeres vrolikii in the Indian Ocean (Ref. 37816). |
