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Description |
Indo-West Pacific: Persian Gulf to China along the mainland coast of Asia. Replaced in the East Indies, Borneo, and the Philippines by Hyporhamphus neglectus and around northern Australia and southern New Guinea by Hyporhamphus neglectissimus
Geographic Range [top]
Range Description: Although Hyporhamphus limbatus was originally described from India, its range extends from the Persian Gulf to China along the mainland coast of Asia (Collette and Su 1986). In Asia, it is known from India, Sril Lanka, Myanmar, Thiland and China (Talwar and Jhingran 1991, Ramanujam and Anbarasan 2007, Ajith Kumar and Amarshinghe 2008) It is replaced in the East Indies, Borneo and Philippines by the closely related Hyporhamphus neglectus and around northern Australia and southern New Guinea by Hyporhamphus neglectissimus (Collette and Su 1986). In India the species in known from the coastal states and also from the strictly freshwater areas of Orissa (Collette and Su 1986) and Maharashtra (N. Dahanukar pers. obs.). Its distribution in the Mula-Mutha River, Bhima River, Ghad River and Ujani wetland (Surwade and Khillare 2010, N. Dahanukar pers. obs.) is likely a recent introduction of this species since 2008 as it was not found from these areas before 2008 (Yazdani and Singh 1990, Kharat et al. 2003).
Countries occurrence:
Native:
Bangladesh; Cambodia; China; India (Andaman Is., Andhra Pradesh, Goa, Gujarat, Karnataka, Kerala, Laccadive Is., Maharashtra, Orissa, Pondicherry, Tamil Nadu, West Bengal); Malaysia; Myanmar; Pakistan; Sri Lanka; Taiwan, Province of China; Thailand; Viet Nam
FAO Marine Fishing Areas:
Native:
Indian Ocean – western
Additional data:
? Upper elevation limit (metres): 600
Range Map: Click here to open the map viewer and explore range.
Population [top]
Population: This is a very common species in India. Its population in Pune and its outskirts is likely to be an introduced population since 2008 (N. Dahanukar pers. obs.).
Current Population Trend: Stable
Additional data:
? Population severely fragmented: No
Habitat and Ecology [top]
Habitat and Ecology: A coastal species, frequently enters estuaries and even strictly freshwater. Encountered in the Mekong River as far upstream as Stung Treng (Rainboth 1996) and also found in the Great Lake (Tone lap) and in the Tone lap River, Cambodia (Lim et al. 1999) and in two floodplain lakes of the Ichhamiti River, India (Mondal and Kaviraj 2009). Found at surface levels of tidal freshwaters and brackish estuaries (Rainboth 1996). Feeds mainly on insects (Rainboth 1996, Lim et al. 1999). Reaches a maximum size of 168 mm SL and matures at a relatively small size, by 103 mm for males, 93 mm for females (Collette and Su 1986). It breeds twice in a year (Talwar and Jhingran 1991).
Systems: Freshwater; Marine
Continuing decline in area, extent and/or quality of habitat: Unknown
Use and Trade [top]
Use and Trade: The fish has low economic value. Sometimes found on local fish market, where it is marketed fresh and/or dried salted. There is a minor fishery for this species in India.
Threats [top]
Major Threat(s): There are no known threats to this species.
Conservation Actions [top]
Conservation Actions: No conservation efforts directed towards this species exists.
Citation: Dahanukar, N. 2011. Hyporhamphus limbatus. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2011: e.T166900A6291741. http://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2011-1.RLTS.T166900A6291741.en. Downloaded on 19 July 2016.
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