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Description |
Geographic Range [top]
Range Description: Aluterus monoceros is circumglobally distributed in tropical and subtropical seas (Allen and Erdmann 2012). In the eastern Pacific Ocean it is known from California to Chile. In the western Atlantic Ocean it is known from Massachusetts south along the U.S., Bermuda, the Bahamas, in the Gulf of Mexico from the Florida Keys north along the Gulf coast down to the Texas/Mexico border and off Mexico from Veracruz and the Campeche Bank, throughout the Caribbean Sea, and along South America to Argentina (Figueiredo and Menezes 2000, Robertson and Van Tassell 2015, M. Vega-Cendejas pers. comm. 2015). It is likely to have a wider range in the Gulf of Mexico than is currently known (J. Tyler and R. Robertson pers. comm. 2015). In the eastern Atlantic Ocean it is known from Portugal south along West Africa to South Africa including the Canary Islands (Harmelin-Vivien and Quero 1990). In the Indo-Pacific it is known along East Africa from the Red Sea to South Africa, Madagascar, the Seychelles, the Persian Gulf, Reunion Island, India, Australia to Japan, the Philippines and Indonesia (Hutchins 1986, Letourneur et al. 2004, Allen and Erdmann 2012, Page et al. 2013, K. Matsuura pers. comm. 2014).
Countries occurrence:
Native:
American Samoa (American Samoa); Angola (Angola); Anguilla; Antigua and Barbuda; Argentina; Australia; Bahamas; Bahrain; Bangladesh; Barbados; Belize; Benin; Bermuda; Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba; Brazil; British Indian Ocean Territory; Cambodia; Cameroon; Canada; Cayman Islands; Chile; China; Christmas Island; Cocos (Keeling) Islands; Colombia; Comoros; Congo; Congo, The Democratic Republic of the; Cook Islands; Costa Rica; Côte dIvoire; Cuba; Disputed Territory (Paracel Is., Spratly Is.); Djibouti; Dominica; Dominican Republic; Ecuador (Galápagos); Egypt; El Salvador; Equatorial Guinea; Eritrea; Fiji; French Guiana; French Polynesia; Gabon; Gambia; Ghana; Grenada; Guadeloupe; Guatemala; Guinea; Guinea-Bissau; Guyana; Haiti; Honduras; India (Andaman Is., Nicobar Is.); Indonesia; Iran, Islamic Republic of; Iraq; Israel; Jamaica; Japan; Jordan; Kenya; Kiribati (Kiribati Line Is., Phoenix Is.); Korea, Democratic Peoples Republic of; Korea, Republic of; Kuwait; Liberia; Madagascar; Malaysia; Maldives; Marshall Islands; Martinique; Mauritania; Mauritius; Mayotte; Mexico; Micronesia, Federated States of ; Montserrat; Morocco; Mozambique; Myanmar; Namibia; Nauru; New Caledonia; New Zealand; Nicaragua; Nigeria; Niue; Northern Mariana Islands; Oman; Pakistan; Palau; Panama; Papua New Guinea; Peru; Philippines; Pitcairn; Portugal (Madeira); Puerto Rico; Qatar; Réunion; Saint Kitts and Nevis; Saint Lucia; Saint Martin (French part); Saint Vincent and the Grenadines; Samoa; Sao Tomé and Principe; Saudi Arabia; Senegal; Seychelles; Sierra Leone; Singapore; Sint Maarten (Dutch part); Solomon Islands; Somalia; South Africa; Spain (Canary Is.); Sri Lanka; Sudan; Suriname; Taiwan, Province of China; Tanzania, United Republic of; Thailand; Togo; Tokelau; Tonga; Trinidad and Tobago; Tunisia; Turks and Caicos Islands; Tuvalu; United Arab Emirates; United States (Hawaiian Is.); United States Minor Outlying Islands (Howland-Baker Is., Johnston I., Wake Is.); Uruguay; Vanuatu; Venezuela, Bolivarian Republic of; Viet Nam; Virgin Islands, British; Virgin Islands, U.S.; Wallis and Futuna; Western Sahara; Yemen
FAO Marine Fishing Areas:
Native:
Atlantic – northwest; Atlantic – western central; Atlantic – southwest; Atlantic – southeast; Atlantic – northeast; Atlantic – eastern central; Indian Ocean – eastern; Indian Ocean – western; Mediterranean and Black Sea; Pacific – eastern central; Pacific – northwest; Pacific – southeast; Pacific – southwest; Pacific – western central
Lower depth limit (metres): 80
Upper depth limit (metres): 1
Range Map: Click here to open the map viewer and explore range.
Population [top]
Population: This species is considered to be common throughout its range.
Current Population Trend: Unknown
Additional data:
Habitat and Ecology [top]
Habitat and Ecology: Aluterus monoceros is a marine, benthopelagic, reef-associated species that occurs in subtropical waters between depths of 1 to 80 m (Mundy 2005, Allen and Erdmann 2012). Adults occasionally occur in shallow water at steep drop-offs or sandflats adjacent to deep-water reefs; they occur in pairs (sometimes small groups) or solitarily. Juveniles are pelagic, usually being seen under floating objects. Juveniles are also associated with large jellyfish (Bussing and Lavenberg 1995, Kuiter and Tonozuka 2001). It feeds on benthic organisms (Sommer et al. 1996). Maximum total length is 76.2 cm (Claro 1994); it commonly attains a total length of 40 cm (Hutchins 1984); maximum published weight is 2.7 kg (IGFA 2001).
Systems: Marine
Use and Trade [top]
Use and Trade: Aluterus monoceros is of commercial importance to the fisheries industry (Hutchins 1984). This species has no commercial value in the Gulf of Mexico (M. Vega-Cendejas pers. comm. 2015).
Threats [top]
Major Threat(s): This species is fished in some parts of its range. It is caught as bycatch in trawls and also by set-nets along the shore.
Conservation Actions [top]
Conservation Actions: There are no species-specific conservation measures in place for this species.
Citation: Matsuura, K., Motomura, H., Tyler, J. & Robertson, R. 2015. Aluterus monoceros. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2015: e.T16404943A16509717. http://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-4.RLTS.T16404943A16509717.en. Downloaded on 13 January 2016.
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Circumtropical. Western Atlantic: Massachusetts, USA to Argentina (Ref. 36453). Eastern Atlantic: west coast of tropical Africa (Ref. 3592). Eastern Pacific: Guatemala to Chile (Ref. 9068); probably in Mexico (Ref. 9318). Western Indian Ocean: Moz |
