| Citation |
IUCN SSC Amphibian Specialist Group 2019. Ingerophrynus kumquat. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2019: e.T54685A90960386. http://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-1.RLTS.T54685A90960386.en. Downloaded on 14 May 2019. |
Description |
Geographic Range
NATIVE
Extant (resident)
Malaysia (Peninsular Malaysia)
NUMBER OF LOCATIONS
2
UPPER ELEVATION LIMIT
LOWER ELEVATION LIMIT
UPPER DEPTH LIMIT
LOWER DEPTH LIMIT
Geographic Range in detail
ESTIMATED AREA OF OCCUPANCY (AOO) (KM²)
CONTINUING DECLINE IN AREA OF OCCUPANCY (AOO)
EXTREME FLUCTUATIONS IN AREA OF OCCUPANCY (AOO)
ESTIMATED EXTENT OF OCCURRENCE (EOO) (KM²)
2344.23
CONTINUING DECLINE IN EXTENT OF OCCURRENCE (EOO)
EXTREME FLUCTUATIONS IN EXTENT OF OCCURRENCE (EOO)
CONTINUING DECLINE IN NUMBER OF LOCATIONS
EXTREME FLUCTUATIONS IN THE NUMBER OF LOCATIONS
RANGE DESCRIPTION
This species is known only from the type locality, near Sabak Bernam in the north Selangor peat swamps (Das and Lim 2001), and from Api Larat, south-east Pahang (Sukumaran et al. 2006), respectively on the west coast and on the east coast of Peninsular Malaysia. It possibly occurs more widely in between the two sites, but only in peat swamp habitats (Malaysia Red List Assessment Workshop January 2018). Its elevational range is unknown, and its extent of occurrence (EOO) is 2,344 km2.
Population
CURRENT POPULATION TREND
Unknown
NUMBER OF MATURE INDIVIDUALS
POPULATION SEVERELY FRAGMENTED
No
CONTINUING DECLINE OF MATURE INDIVIDUALS
Population in detail
EXTREME FLUCTUATIONS
NO. OF SUBPOPULATIONS
CONTINUING DECLINE IN SUBPOPULATIONS
EXTREME FLUCTUATIONS IN SUBPOPULATIONS
ALL INDIVIDUALS IN ONE SUBPOPULATION
NO. OF INDIVIDUALS IN LARGEST SUBPOPULATION
DESCRIPTION
It is locally abundant, but it is potentially hard to find when the males are not calling (Malaysia Red List Assessment January 2018). There have been no recent records, but no one has been to survey peat swamps (Malaysia Red List Assessment Workshop January 2018).
Habitat and Ecology
SYSTEM
Terrestrial, Freshwater (=Inland waters)
HABITAT TYPE
Forest, Wetlands (inland)
GENERATION LENGTH (YEARS)
CONGREGATORY
MOVEMENT PATTERNS
Not a Migrant
CONTINUING DECLINE IN AREA, EXTENT AND/OR QUALITY OF HABITAT
Yes
Habitat and Ecology in detail
HABITAT AND ECOLOGY
This species is a habitat specialist known from peat swamp areas and dryland forests within swamps. It will not tolerate disturbance or degradation to its peat swamp habitat (Malaysia Red List Assessment Workshop January 2018). It is thought to be an explosive breeder, and presumably breeds by larval development.
CLASSIFICATION SCHEME
Habitats Suitability Major importance
1. Forest 1.5. Forest - Subtropical/Tropical Dry Suitable Yes
1.8. Forest - Subtropical/Tropical Swamp Suitable Yes
5. Wetlands (inland) 5.4. Wetlands (inland) - Bogs, Marshes, Swamps, Fens, Peatlands Suitable Yes
Threats
Agriculture & aquaculture
Annual & perennial non-timber crops
Natural system modifications
Fire & fire suppression
Threats in detail
THREATS
The major threat is drainage and reclamation of peat swamps for logging and agricultural purposes, and part of its type locality has already been destroyed (Das and Lim 2001). These threats have continued to increase during recent years (Malaysia Red List Assessment Workshop January 2018). Forest fires are also a problem, and the forest is often (observed annually) burnt after the drainage of peat swamps has occurred (Malaysia Red List Assessment Workshop January 2018).
CLASSIFICATION SCHEME
Threats Timing Stresses Scope Severity Impact score Invasive species Virus
2. Agriculture & aquaculture 2.1. Annual & perennial non-timber crops 2.1.3. Agro-industry farming Ongoing
1. Ecosystem stresses 1.1. Ecosystem conversion
1.2. Ecosystem degradation
Low Impact: 3
7. Natural system modifications 7.1. Fire & fire suppression 7.1.1. Increase in fire frequency/intensity Ongoing
1. Ecosystem stresses 1.2. Ecosystem degradation |
