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Description |
Geographic Range [top]
Range Description: This species occurs in Peninsula Malaysia, Singapore, Indonesia (Sumatra, Natuna Besar and Pulau Bintan), and Borneo. It probably occurs more widely than current records suggest, especially in areas between known sites.
Countries occurrence:
Native:
Indonesia; Malaysia; Singapore
Additional data:
Range Map: Click here to open the map viewer and explore range.
Population [top]
Population: There are no estimates of the size of subpopulations in Borneo, but it appears to be common but not abundant in intact swamp forests. It is uncommon in Sumatra and Singapore (Lim and Lim, 1992), and presumably localized or uncommon in Peninsular Malaysia.
Current Population Trend: Unknown
Additional data:
? Population severely fragmented: No
Habitat and Ecology [top]
Habitat and Ecology: Swamp forests are the primary habitat for this toad. It is known to breed in standing water. It has been recorded from rubber plantations, presumably close to primary forest (Dring, 1979, Chan-ard et al., 1999).
Systems: Terrestrial; Freshwater
Threats [top]
Major Threat(s): The species habitat is being rapidly reduced due to the expansion of oil palm plantations, infrastructure development and logging.
Conservation Actions [top]
Conservation Actions: Preservation of some areas of swamp forest is needed to save the Bornean subpopulations. In mainland Southeast Asia population status information is needed. It is recorded from the Sungai Dusun Game Reserve in Peninsular Malaysia.
Citation: Robert Inger, Djoko Iskandar, Peter Paul van Dijk, Leong Tzi Ming, Indraneil Das. 2004. Ingerophrynus quadriporcatus. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2004: e.T54741A11197652. http://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2004.RLTS.T54741A11197652.en. Downloaded on 04 May 2017.
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