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Description |
Geographic Range [top]
Range Description: This species occurs in Myanmar [Burma], China, Japan, the Korean peninsula, Russian Far East, and Taiwan, Province of China. It is widely cultivated and probably naturalized in some areas.
Countries occurrence:
Native:
China (Anhui, Beijing, Chongqing, Fujian, Gansu, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Jilin, Liaoning, Nei Mongol, Ningxia, Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanxi, Sichuan, Tianjin, Yunnan, Zhejiang); Hong Kong; Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu, Kyushu, Shikoku); Korea, Democratic Peoples Republic of; Korea, Republic of; Myanmar; Russian Federation (Kamchatka, Kuril Is., Primoryi, Sakhalin); Taiwan, Province of China
Additional data:
? Estimated area of occupancy (AOO) - km2: 14400
? Lower elevation limit (metres): 100
? Upper elevation limit (metres): 2700
Range Map: Click here to open the map viewer and explore range.
Population [top]
Population: This is a very widespread and common species.
Current Population Trend: Stable
Additional data:
Habitat and Ecology [top]
Habitat and Ecology: In a few localities this widespread species forms groves of tall trees (e.g. in S Gansu), or it is mixed with pines and deciduous angiosperms at canopy level. It is much more common, under conditions largely determined by mans agricultural practices, in secondary vegetation, on open, rocky slopes. The altitudinal range is (100-)1,400-2,400(-2,700) m a.s.l. Widespread planting and subsequent establishment in areas where it was not originally native have made it difficult to establish it original habitat and types of vegetation. While now predominantly montane, it may have been part of lowland forests in the past (Wang 1961). High montane varieties Juniperus chinensis var. sargentii and var. tsukusiensis occur on rocky outcrops and amongst boulders and have attained a decumbent habit.
Systems: Terrestrial
Continuing decline in area, extent and/or quality of habitat: No
Generation Length (years): 20
Use and Trade [top]
Use and Trade: Juniperus chinensis is (with Platycladus orientalis) one of the two most commonly planted cupressaceous trees in traditional Chinese gardens, such as around temples and in the extensive grounds of the Forbidden City in Beijing. These grounds are now virtual reserves for large specimen trees, which have all but disappeared from the countryside. Its wood is highly valued for furniture making and joinery and is hard and durable. In horticulture, J. chinensis has been the source of many cultivars and (as J. sphaerica Lindl.) one parent of a purported hybrid (of garden origin) with J. sabina, for which van Melle (1946) proposed the name J. x media, a later homonym of J. media V. D. Dmitriev (1938) = J. semiglobosa. A proposal to conserve van Melles name (Lewis 1995) failed and the cultivars thought to derive from this hybrid origin are now to be listed under J. x pfitzeriana as proposed by Schmidt (1983) based on a selection made by the Späth Nursery in Berlin, Germany in the 1890s (Pfitzer Junipers). A study using RAPDs (Le Duc, Adams and Zhong 1999) supports the notion of a hybrid origin with parents J. chinensis and J. sabina of the Pfitzer cultivars, for which the correct botanical name is Juniperus x pfitzeriana (Späth) Schmidt [Pfitzer Group]. This species is also of major importance in bonsai and penjing culture.
Threats [top]
Major Threat(s): No specific threats have been identified for this species.
Conservation Actions [top]
Conservation Actions: This species is known from several protected areas across its range.
Citation: Farjon, A. 2013. Juniperus chinensis. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2013: e.T42227A2962948. http://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2013-1.RLTS.T42227A2962948.en. Downloaded on 22 July 2016.
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