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Description |
Geographic Range [top]
Range Description: Recorded across the Himalaya region from Nepal, Sikkim, Bhutan, India (Arunachal Pradesh, Assam); Myanmar [Burma]; to China: S Xizang [Tibet], NW Yunnan, SW Sichuan.
Countries occurrence:
Native:
Afghanistan; Bhutan; China (Tibet [or Xizang], Yunnan); India (Assam, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu-Kashmir, Sikkim, Uttar Pradesh); Myanmar; Nepal; Pakistan
Additional data:
? Lower elevation limit (metres): 2500
? Upper elevation limit (metres): 4500
Range Map: Click here to open the map viewer and explore range.
Population [top]
Population: Regional subpopulations may be increasing in areas of secondary forests.
Current Population Trend: Unknown
Additional data:
Habitat and Ecology [top]
Habitat and Ecology: In high montane to subalpine coniferous forest, with Abies spp. or Picea spp. and an understorey of Rhododendron, in Rhododendron thickets in the ecotone between forest and alpine meadows, and in the latter in mixed shrub communities with e.g. Rhododendron, Salix, Cotoneaster, Berberis, Lonicera, Spiraea, and Potentilla. The altitudinal range is 2,500-4,500 m a.s.l. It is common in rocky areas (e.g. moraines) or in alpine meadows strewn with boulders, usually on siliceous rock. In western Yunnan this variety is a pioneer after destructive forest fires that had killed most trees of Abies and Tsuga in the area. Extensive stands of J. recurva var. recurva observed in the Nu Shan, NW of Caojianmay be the result of past forest destruction (A. Farjon pers. obs.). The climate is alpine with much longer periods of deep snow cover with this variety than with var. coxii.
Systems: Terrestrial
Continuing decline in area, extent and/or quality of habitat: Yes
Generation Length (years): 30
Use and Trade [top]
Use and Trade: In its native countries this species is used for timber as well as ornamental trees in gardens of monasteries and temples. The wood and foliage are burned for incense in Buddhist temples. In Myanmar [Burma] the wood of large trees is used to make coffins. The drooping form J. recurva var. coxii is a highly ornamental tree much valued and often planted in regions of Europe with a mild, moist climate. Several cultivars have been selected, some with even more pendulous foliage than var. coxii. Decumbent shrubs in cultivation under the name J. recurva (unless cultivars from proven J. recurva provenance) are probably J. pingii var. wilsonii; J. recurva is not a decumbent shrub in the wild, but is often multi-stemmed. It is one of the few junipers that require a good amount of rainfall and thrive best in a maritime, cool but mild climate.
Threats [top]
Major Threat(s): This species is subject to foliage clipping for incense in Nepal and probably elsewhere. In NW Yunnan, deforestation and logging has reduced the area of occupancy of J. recurva var. coxii.
Conservation Actions [top]
Conservation Actions: This species occurs in several protected areas.
Citation: Li, N., Farjon, A., Christian, T. & Rushforth, K. 2013. Juniperus recurva. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2013: e.T42247A2966352. http://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2013-1.RLTS.T42247A2966352.en. Downloaded on 22 July 2016.
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