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Description |
Geographic Range [top]
Range Description: Ambassis gymnocephalus is distributed in Indo-West Pacific (Day 1875, Talwar and Jhingran 1991, Jayaram 1999): Red Sea and South Africa (Whitfield and Paterson 2003), Kenya to the Philippines, India (Bhimachar and Venkataraman 1952, Venkataraman 1960, Tilak 1972), Sri Lanka (Vinobaba 2007) north to China (Randall and Lim 2000), Hong Kong (Nip and Wong 2010), Thiland (Shinnaka et al. 2007), Hainan (Nichols and Pope 1927), Borneo (Inger 1955) and Taiwan (Hung and Chiu 1991), south to northern Australia (Russell et al. 2003).
Countries occurrence:
Native:
Australia; China (Hainan); Hong Kong; India; Indonesia; Kenya; Madagascar; Malaysia; Philippines; South Africa; Sri Lanka; Taiwan, Province of China; Viet Nam
Range Map: Click here to open the map viewer and explore range.
Population [top]
Population: No information is available on the population trends of Ambassis gymnocephalus. However, the species is common in India (Bhimachar and Venkataraman 1952, Venkataraman 1960) and Hong Kong (Nip and Wong 2010) with 67.74 % of total abundance and 66.27% of percent biomass in Tolo Harbour. The species is rare in South Africa (Whitfield and Paterson 2003).
Current Population Trend: Unknown
Additional data:
?Population severely fragmented: No
Habitat and Ecology [top]
Habitat and Ecology: Ambassis gymnocephalus is primarily marine fish but it enters estuaries and freshwaters (Talwar and Jhingran 1991). It feeds on copepals (like Centropages, Pseudodiuptomus, Eucalanus, Acartia and Oithona), polychaetes (chiefly Prionospio pinnara), cladocerans, decapods, cirripede larva and diatoms and rarely on Sugitta, Hippa, amphipods, larval bivalves, fish post-larva and fish scales (Venkataraman 1960). This species attains a total length of 10 cm (Talwar and Jhingran 1991).
Systems: Freshwater; Marine
Continuing decline in area, extent and/or quality of habitat: Unknown
Use and Trade [top]
Use and Trade: Ambassis gymnocephalus is caught and sold in local markets. It is often sundried and sold as dry fish (Talwar and Jhingran 1991). No reports are available on harvesting as a threat to the species.
Threats [top]
Major Threat(s): Threats to Ambassis gymnocephalus are poorly known, but currently there are believed to be no major threats to the species.
Conservation Actions [top]
Conservation Actions: Currently there is no specific action plan directed towards Ambassis gymnocephalus. Research is needed on the taxonomy, population status, harvest trends and threats to the species. It is not known if the species is present in any protected areas.
Citation: Dahanukar, N. 2013. Ambassis gymnocephalus. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2013: e.T172321A6867540. http://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2011-1.RLTS.T172321A6867540.en. Downloaded on 13 January 2016.
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Indo-West Pacific: Red Sea and South Africa to the Philippines, north to China (Ref. 33450) and Taiwan (Ref. 5193), south to northern Australia. |
