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Description |
Geographic Range [top]
Range Description: The breeding range of the Brown-headed Gull is the mountains of south-central Asia from Turkestan in the west, south-west Gansu (China) in the east, and the Pamirs and Tibet in the south. It winters on the coast of India, northern Sri Lanka and south-east Asia, and sparingly to the west of India up to the Arabian Peninsula (del Hoyo et al. 1996).
Countries occurrence:
Native:
Bangladesh; Bhutan; Cambodia; India; Indonesia; Lao Peoples Democratic Republic; Malaysia; Mongolia; Myanmar; Nepal; Pakistan; Singapore; Sri Lanka; Tajikistan; Thailand; Uzbekistan; Viet Nam
Vagrant:
Afghanistan; Iran, Islamic Republic of; Israel; Kyrgyzstan; Maldives; Oman; United Arab Emirates
Present - origin uncertain:
Russian Federation
Additional data:
? Continuing decline in area of occupancy (AOO): Unknown
? Extreme fluctuations in area of occupancy (AOO): No ? Estimated extent of occurrence (EOO) - km2: 1780000
? Continuing decline in extent of occurrence (EOO): Unknown ? Extreme fluctuations in extent of occurrence (EOO): No
? Continuing decline in number of locations: Unknown
? Extreme fluctuations in the number of locations: No
Range Map: Click here to open the map viewer and explore range.
Population [top]
Current Population Trend: Stable
Additional data:
? Continuing decline of mature individuals: Unknown
? Extreme fluctuations: No ? Population severely fragmented: No
? Continuing decline in subpopulations: Unknown
? Extreme fluctuations in subpopulations: No ? All individuals in one subpopulation: No
Habitat and Ecology [top]
Habitat and Ecology: This species breeds on islands in large, cold high altitude lakes of varying salinity or in neighbouring marshes, frequenting coasts and rivers outside the breeding season which begins in May. Colonies form from 50 pairs up to several thousand. It feeds on fish, shrimps and offal when wintering, and has a large diet including rodents, sewage, grubs, slugs and earthworms during the breeding season (del Hoyo et al. 1996).
Systems: Terrestrial; Freshwater; Marine
Continuing decline in area, extent and/or quality of habitat: Unknown
Generation Length (years): 11.5
Movement patterns: Full Migrant
Congregatory: Congregatory (and dispersive)
Citation: BirdLife International. 2013. Larus brunnicephalus. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2013: e.T22694384A50406896. http://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2013-2.RLTS.T22694384A50406896.en. Downloaded on 28 July 2016.
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