| Citation |
IUCN SSC Amphibian Specialist Group 2018. Limnonectes arathooni. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2018: e.T58327A114920507. http://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T58327A114920507.en. Downloaded on 14 May 2019. |
Description |
Geographic Range
NATIVE
Extant (resident)
Indonesia (Sulawesi)
NUMBER OF LOCATIONS
1-5
UPPER ELEVATION LIMIT
LOWER ELEVATION LIMIT
1,200 metres
UPPER DEPTH LIMIT
LOWER DEPTH LIMIT
Geographic Range in detail
ESTIMATED AREA OF OCCUPANCY (AOO) (KM²)
CONTINUING DECLINE IN AREA OF OCCUPANCY (AOO)
EXTREME FLUCTUATIONS IN AREA OF OCCUPANCY (AOO)
ESTIMATED EXTENT OF OCCURRENCE (EOO) (KM²)
10630.25
CONTINUING DECLINE IN EXTENT OF OCCURRENCE (EOO)
EXTREME FLUCTUATIONS IN EXTENT OF OCCURRENCE (EOO)
CONTINUING DECLINE IN NUMBER OF LOCATIONS
EXTREME FLUCTUATIONS IN THE NUMBER OF LOCATIONS
RANGE DESCRIPTION
This species is only known from Mount Lompobatang and Mount Latimojong, in southwestern Sulawesi, Indonesia, above 1,200 m asl. Its extent of occurrence (EOO) is 10,630 km2 and all individuals are considered at five or fewer threat-defined locations.
Population
CURRENT POPULATION TREND
Decreasing
NUMBER OF MATURE INDIVIDUALS
POPULATION SEVERELY FRAGMENTED
No
CONTINUING DECLINE OF MATURE INDIVIDUALS
Population in detail
EXTREME FLUCTUATIONS
NO. OF SUBPOPULATIONS
CONTINUING DECLINE IN SUBPOPULATIONS
EXTREME FLUCTUATIONS IN SUBPOPULATIONS
ALL INDIVIDUALS IN ONE SUBPOPULATION
NO. OF INDIVIDUALS IN LARGEST SUBPOPULATION
DESCRIPTION
It is an uncommon species. Surveys in 2013 recorded the species, however it is difficult to locate (D. Iskandar pers. comm. May 2017). Due to ongoing decline in the extent and quality of habitat, the population is suspected to be decreasing.
Habitat and Ecology
SYSTEM
Terrestrial, Freshwater (=Inland waters)
HABITAT TYPE
Forest, Wetlands (inland)
GENERATION LENGTH (YEARS)
CONGREGATORY
MOVEMENT PATTERNS
Not a Migrant
CONTINUING DECLINE IN AREA, EXTENT AND/OR QUALITY OF HABITAT
Yes
Habitat and Ecology in detail
HABITAT AND ECOLOGY
This species lives in undisturbed highland forest, usually close to small rivers and streams. The eggs are laid in a burrow on the river bank, where they are guarded by the male. The larvae hatch on land and slide and tumble downhill into slow- to medium-flowing streams, where they develop further.
CLASSIFICATION SCHEME
Habitats Suitability Major importance
1. Forest 1.9. Forest - Subtropical/Tropical Moist Montane Suitable Yes
5. Wetlands (inland) 5.1. Wetlands (inland) - Permanent Rivers/Streams/Creeks (includes waterfalls) Suitable Yes
Threats
Residential & commercial development
Housing & urban areas
Agriculture & aquaculture
Annual & perennial non-timber crops
Threats in detail
THREATS
The main threat is forest clearance for smallholder farming and expanding human settlements, which has resulted in extensive forest loss on mountain slopes within its range. This species is also threatened by the drying up of streams on which it depends.
CLASSIFICATION SCHEME
Threats Timing Stresses Scope Severity Impact score Invasive species Virus
1. Residential & commercial development 1.1. Housing & urban areas Ongoing
1. Ecosystem stresses 1.1. Ecosystem conversion
1.2. Ecosystem degradation
Low Impact: 3
2. Agriculture & aquaculture 2.1. Annual & perennial non-timber crops 2.1.2. Small-holder farming Ongoing
1. Ecosystem stresses 1.1. Ecosystem conversion
1.2. Ecosystem degradation |
