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Description |
Geographic Range [top]
Countries occurrence:
Native:
Albania; Algeria; Andorra; Armenia (Armenia); Austria; Azerbaijan; Belarus; Belgium; Belize; Bermuda; Bhutan; Bosnia and Herzegovina; Bulgaria; Canada; China; Croatia; Cyprus; Czech Republic; Denmark; El Salvador; Estonia; Faroe Islands; Finland; France; Georgia; Germany; Greece; Guatemala; Honduras; Hungary; Iran, Islamic Republic of; Ireland; Israel; Italy; Japan; Kazakhstan; Korea, Democratic Peoples Republic of; Korea, Republic of; Kyrgyzstan; Latvia; Liechtenstein; Lithuania; Luxembourg; Macedonia, the former Yugoslav Republic of; Mexico; Mongolia; Montenegro; Morocco; Myanmar; Nepal; Netherlands; Nicaragua; Norway; Philippines; Poland; Portugal; Romania; Russian Federation; Saint Pierre and Miquelon; Serbia (Serbia); Slovakia; Slovenia; Spain (Canary Is.); Sweden; Switzerland; Tunisia; Turkey; Ukraine; United Kingdom; United States (Georgia); Uzbekistan; Viet Nam
Vagrant:
Afghanistan; Greenland; Iceland; Jordan; Libya; Malta; Svalbard and Jan Mayen; Tajikistan
Additional data:
? Continuing decline in area of occupancy (AOO): Unknown
? Extreme fluctuations in area of occupancy (AOO): No ? Estimated extent of occurrence (EOO) - km2: 24400000
? Continuing decline in extent of occurrence (EOO): Unknown ? Extreme fluctuations in extent of occurrence (EOO): No
? Continuing decline in number of locations: Unknown
? Extreme fluctuations in the number of locations: No ? Lower elevation limit (metres): 800
? Upper elevation limit (metres): 4100
Range Map: Click here to open the map viewer and explore range.
Population [top]
Population: Rich et al. (2004) estimated the global population to number 15,000,000 individuals. In Europe, the breeding population is estimated to number 5,800,000-13,000,000 breeding pairs, equating to 17,400,000-39,000,000 individuals (BirdLife International 2004). Europe forms 5-24% of the global range, so a very preliminary estimate of the global population size is 72,500,000-780,000,000 individuals, although further validation of this estimate is needed. National population estimates include: c.100-100,000 breeding pairs, c.50-10,000 individuals on migration and < c.1,000 wintering individuals in China; c.100-100,000 breeding pairs, c.50-10,000 individuals on migration and < c.1,000 wintering individuals in Korea; possibly c.100-100,000 breeding pairs, c.50-10,000 individuals on migration and < c.1,000 wintering individuals in Japan and c.10,000-100,000 breeding pairs and c.1,000-10,000 individuals on migration in Russia (Brazil 2009).
Trend Justification: This species has had stable population trends over the last 40 years in North America (data from Breeding Bird Survey and/or Christmas Bird Count: Butcher and Niven 2007).
Current Population Trend: Stable
Additional data:
? Continuing decline of mature individuals: Unknown
? Extreme fluctuations: No ? Population severely fragmented: No
? Continuing decline in subpopulations: Unknown
? Extreme fluctuations in subpopulations: No ? All individuals in one subpopulation: No
Habitat and Ecology [top]
Citation: BirdLife International. 2012. Loxia curvirostra. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2012: e.T22720646A38769222. http://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2012-1.RLTS.T22720646A38769222.en. Downloaded on 09 August 2016.
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