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Description |
Geographic Range [top]
Countries occurrence:
Native:
Afghanistan; Armenia (Armenia); Austria; Azerbaijan; Bahrain; Belarus; China; Egypt; Estonia; Finland; Germany; India; Iran, Islamic Republic of; Iraq; Israel; Jordan; Kazakhstan; Kuwait; Kyrgyzstan; Lao Peoples Democratic Republic; Latvia; Lithuania; Mongolia; Myanmar; Nepal; Oman; Pakistan; Poland; Qatar; Russian Federation; Saudi Arabia; Slovakia; Switzerland; Syrian Arab Republic; Tajikistan; Thailand; Turkey; Turkmenistan; Ukraine; United Arab Emirates; Uzbekistan; Yemen
Vagrant:
Australia; Belgium; Bhutan; Bulgaria; Cyprus; Czech Republic; Denmark; Ethiopia; France; Greece; Hong Kong; Hungary; Iceland; Ireland; Italy; Japan; Korea, Republic of; Lebanon; Malawi; Montenegro; Morocco; Netherlands; Norway; Romania; Senegal; Serbia (Serbia); Seychelles; Singapore; South Africa; Spain; Sri Lanka; Sweden; Taiwan, Province of China; United Kingdom; United States; Viet Nam
Additional data:
? Continuing decline in area of occupancy (AOO): Unknown
? Extreme fluctuations in area of occupancy (AOO): No ? Estimated extent of occurrence (EOO) - km2: 4420000
? Continuing decline in extent of occurrence (EOO): Unknown ? Extreme fluctuations in extent of occurrence (EOO): No
? Continuing decline in number of locations: Unknown
? Extreme fluctuations in the number of locations: No
? Upper elevation limit (metres): 4600
Range Map: Click here to open the map viewer and explore range.
Population [top]
Population: In Europe, the breeding population is estimated to number 210,000-520,000 breeding pairs, equating to 630,000-1,560,000 individuals (BirdLife International 2004). Europe forms 5-24% of the global range, so a very preliminary estimate of the global population size is 2,630,000-31,200,000 individuals, although further validation of this estimate is needed. The population in China has been estimated at c.100-10,000 breeding pairs and < c.1,000 individuals on migration (Brazil 2009).
Trend Justification: The population is suspected to be stable in the absence of evidence for any declines or substantial threats.
Current Population Trend: Stable
Additional data:
? Continuing decline of mature individuals: Unknown
? Extreme fluctuations: No ? Population severely fragmented: No
? Continuing decline in subpopulations: Unknown
? Extreme fluctuations in subpopulations: No ? All individuals in one subpopulation: No
Habitat and Ecology [top]
Citation: BirdLife International. 2015. Motacilla citreola. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2015: e.T22718379A67000396. http://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-4.RLTS.T22718379A67000396.en. Downloaded on 23 August 2016.
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