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Description |
Geographic Range [top]
Range Description: Oriolus xanthonotus occurs in the Sundaic lowlands, from south Tenasserim, Myanmar, peninsular Thailand, Sabah, Sarawak and Peninsular Malaysia, Singapore (formerly), Kalimantan, Sumatra (including Mentawai and Bangka islands) and Java, Indonesia, Brunei and Calamian Islands and Palawan, south-west Philippines (BirdLife International 2001). It is fairly common and widespread in suitable forest habitats.
Countries occurrence:
Native:
Brunei Darussalam; Indonesia; Malaysia; Myanmar; Philippines; Thailand
Regionally extinct:
Singapore
Additional data:
? Continuing decline in area of occupancy (AOO): Yes
? Extreme fluctuations in area of occupancy (AOO): No ? Estimated extent of occurrence (EOO) - km2: 1160000
? Continuing decline in extent of occurrence (EOO): Yes ? Extreme fluctuations in extent of occurrence (EOO): No
? Continuing decline in number of locations: Unknown
? Extreme fluctuations in the number of locations: No
? Upper elevation limit (metres): 1220
Range Map: Click here to open the map viewer and explore range.
Population [top]
Population: The population size of this species has not been quantified, but it is described as fairly common and widespread.
Trend Justification: Population declines are likely to have occurred in line with continuing habitat loss throughout the speciess range, largely resulting from logging and clearance for agriculture.
Current Population Trend: Decreasing
Additional data:
? Number of mature individuals: Unknown ? Continuing decline of mature individuals: Yes
? Extreme fluctuations: No ? Population severely fragmented: No
? Continuing decline in subpopulations: Unknown
? Extreme fluctuations in subpopulations: No ? All individuals in one subpopulation: No
Habitat and Ecology [top]
Habitat and Ecology: This species is mainly found in primary lowland evergreen forest to 1,220 m. It also occurs in tall secondary forest and peatswamp forest.
Systems: Terrestrial
Continuing decline in area, extent and/or quality of habitat: Yes
Generation Length (years): 3.7
Movement patterns: Not a Migrant
Threats [top]
Major Threat(s): Rates of forest loss in the Sundaic lowlands have been extremely rapid, owing partly to the escalation of illegal logging and land conversion, with deliberate targeting of all remaining stands of valuable timber including those inside protected areas. Forest fires have also had a damaging effect (particularly in 1997-1998). The magnitude of these threats may be allayed by this speciess tolerance of secondary and sloping hill forest.
Conservation Actions [top]
Conservation Actions: Conservation Actions Underway
No targeted conservation actions are known for this species, although some of its habitat is protected.
Conservation Actions Proposed
Monitor populations throughout the speciess range to identify population trends and rates of habitat loss. Conduct further ecological studies to determine whether populations can persist in secondary habitats in the absence of adjacent primary forest. Protect significant areas of suitable forest, in both strictly protected areas and community-led multiple use areas.
Citation: BirdLife International. 2012. Oriolus xanthonotus. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2012: e.T22706369A38149063. http://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2012-1.RLTS.T22706369A38149063.en. Downloaded on 23 September 2016.
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