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Description |
Geographic Range [top]
Range Description: Recorded from China: Anhui, Chongqing, Fujian, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hong-Kong, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Sichuan, Yunnan, Zhejiang; Japan; Myanmar [Burma]; and Taiwan, Province of China.
Countries occurrence:
Native:
China (Anhui, Chongqing, Fujian, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Sichuan, Yunnan, Zhejiang); Hong Kong; Japan (Honshu, Kyushu, Shikoku); Taiwan, Province of China
Additional data:
? Lower elevation limit (metres): 1
? Upper elevation limit (metres): 2400
Range Map: Click here to open the map viewer and explore range.
Population [top]
Population: Usually occurs as scattered individuals rather than as dense stands.
Current Population Trend: Decreasing
Additional data:
Habitat and Ecology [top]
Habitat and Ecology: Podocarpus macrophyllus is a forest species but also occurs in secondary vegetation (thickets and scrub on mountain slopes and hill sides), often along streams. It is one of numerous species in a mixed mesophytic forest formation, largely constituted of deciduous angiosperm trees and shrubs. Podocarpus macrophyllus occurs from near sea level to around 1,000 m a.s.l.; in Yunnan it was recorded (G. Forrest 4665) growing at 2,400 m and higher (-3,000 m?) as a low shrub. Many forests at lower elevations have been cut over and have a secondary vegetation of remnant forest trees and pioneer species. In this vegetation and in remnants of undisturbed forest Podocarpus macrophyllus occurs with Cunninghamia lanceolata, Pinus spp., Podocarpus neriifolius, Cephalotaxus fortunei, Fokienia hodginsii, Taxus chinensis, and where not logged, Pseudotsuga sinensis and Tsuga chinensis, as well as numerous angiosperms, among which genera in the Fagaceae like Castanopsis and Quercus are conspicuous. Especially Podocarpus macrophyllus var. maki has been widely planted in China and Japan and has probably been spread by birds into vegetation in which it may not have occurred previously.
Systems: Terrestrial
Continuing decline in area, extent and/or quality of habitat: Yes
Use and Trade [top]
Use and Trade: Podocarpus macrophyllus (especially var. maki) is widely planted in China and Japan as well as in parts of SE Asia as an amenity tree. In Japan, this species is planted for hedges; var. maki is a popular pot plant and is occasionally seen as bonsai. A few cultivars, one a compact shrub, others also shrubs but with narrow or variegated leaves, are known. The species and its var. maki are also commonly planted in other East Asian countries and find use as an ornamental as far away as Puerto Rico. The species was introduced from China in England in 1804; from Japan (var. maki) in the Netherlands in 1830. Apparent shrub forms which occur at higher altitude in Yunnan would be suitable as ornamentals in large rock gardens; George Forrest collected such a plant from the ranges near Dali in 1906 (Forrest 4665), but this provenance appears not to be in cultivation in Europe at the present time.
Threats [top]
Major Threat(s): Deforestation has impacted the area of occupancy of this species, especially in the southern parts of its range.
Conservation Actions [top]
Conservation Actions: This species is known from several protected areas.
Citation: Farjon, A. 2013. Podocarpus macrophyllus. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2013: e.T42517A2984343. http://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2013-1.RLTS.T42517A2984343.en. Downloaded on 10 November 2016.
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