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Description |
Geographic Range [top]
Range Description:
This species is endemic to the Sulawesi subregion, on Sulawesi, Butan, only recorded from Talenge (but likely from all of the Togeran Islands), Mangole, Sanana, Siau, Sangihe, and Selayar, in Indonesia. It is primarily a lowland species, occurring from sea level up to 1,500 m asl.
Countries occurrence:
Native:
Indonesia
Additional data:
? Upper elevation limit (metres): 1500
Range Map: Click here to open the map viewer and explore range.
Population [top]
Population: It is likely the population is in decline due to unsustainable levels of hunting (Sheherazade and Tsang 2015). Known roost sites are at constant threat from hunting pressures, some sites have been decimated due to over hunting and lack of protection (S. Heinrichs pers. comm. 2012).
Current Population Trend: Decreasing
Additional data:
? Population severely fragmented: No
Habitat and Ecology [top]
Habitat and Ecology: This bat roosts in trees in villages, and also in bamboo and mangroves. It is commonly found inland and along the coast and shows a medium tolerance of human disturbance. However, large colonies of A. celebensis are only currently known from mangrove forests, roosting with Pteropus alecto on lower branches (S.M. Tsang pers. obs). Individuals are commonly seen feeding on breadfruit trees and coconut (Flannery 1995). Neither of two adult females examined by Flannery in November 1991 were pregnant or lactating, but suggested seasonal breeding, with births occurring in February to March. In south Sulawesi females were observed with pups in August, September, and October (S. Heinrichs pers. comm. 2012).
Systems: Terrestrial
Generation Length (years): 4.5
Use and Trade [top]
Use and Trade: The species is locally hunted.
Threats [top]
Major Threat(s): Acerodon celebensis is commonly hunted and is found in bush meat markets for local and regional trade, which is a major factor in its population decline. They are hunted throughout their entire range and are now locally extirpated in North Sulawesi. Known roost sites are at constant threat from hunting pressures, some sites have been decimated due to over hunting and lack of protection. An example is Soppeng village, where the flying foxes have been hunted and major roosting trees have been cut down (S. Heinrichs pers. comm. 2012). Deforestation due to logging and agriculture is another major threat for this species.
Conservation Actions [top]
Conservation Actions: The species is listed on CITES Appendix II. No large colonies are located within protected areas nor granted formal protection. The species is locally extirpated in North Sulawesi, the centre of the bushmeat trade.
In some areas (such as Watansoppeng in South Sulawesi) they are protected, because local people believe this bat brings good fortune, particularly with rains. However, even in locally protected roosting/foraging areas, outside hunters have been known to take bats for trade in the wildlife market.
More studies on the species populations trends are needed, including population size and distribution through its range. Also, needed are studies of the species habitat requirements to better understand the effects of forest conversion and land use change. Finally, studies are needed to determine the amount of hunting of this species and the impact of the bushmeat trade on population persistence.
Similar to most threatened flying foxes, local capacity building for conservation managers and education and awareness within local communities are sorely needed to support conservation efforts.
Citation: Tsang, S.M. & Sheherazade. 2016. Acerodon celebensis. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016: e.T137A21988719. http://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T137A21988719.en. Downloaded on 06 September 2018.
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