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Description |
Geographic Range [top]
Range Description: This species is known from the Arabian Gulf to Pakistan, around India to Indonesia and southern China (Heatwole 1999). There is record of a single specimen being caught off Phuket Island from the west coast of peninsular Thailand (Rasmussen 1985). The species appears to be very rare in that area. There are no records from the Philippines (J. Gatus pers. comm. 2009).
Countries occurrence:
Native:
Bahrain; Bangladesh; Cambodia; China; India (Andaman Is., Nicobar Is.); Indonesia; Iran, Islamic Republic of; Iraq; Japan; Kuwait; Malaysia; Myanmar; Oman; Pakistan; Philippines; Qatar; Saudi Arabia; Singapore; Sri Lanka; Taiwan, Province of China; Thailand; United Arab Emirates; Viet Nam
FAO Marine Fishing Areas:
Native:
Indian Ocean – western; Indian Ocean – eastern; Pacific – northwest; Pacific – western central
Additional data:
? Lower depth limit (metres): 30
Range Map: Click here to open the map viewer and explore range.
Population [top]
Population: Generally rare throughout its range.
This is quite a rare species caught in trawls in Goa, India (A. Lobo pers. comm. 2009). Also rare in trawls in the Andaman Sea and uncommon on the west coast of Thailand, but more common in Viet Nam (A. Rasmussen pers. comm. 2009).
Six specimens (out of 83) were collected from fishermen in Makassar, South Sulawesi in March and April 2010. Reportedly caught in nets (using lamps) near coral reefs around Pulau Baranglompo (K. Sanders and Mumpuni pers. comms. 2010).
Current Population Trend: Unknown
Additional data:
? Population severely fragmented: No
Habitat and Ecology [top]
Habitat and Ecology: The maximum size is approximately 97 cm TL (captured in a trawl in Goa, India; A. Lobo pers. comm. 2009). Feeds on spiny flatheads in India (A. Lobo pers. comm. 2009) and on eels and gobies (Voris and Voris 1983). Found in muddy soft bottom habitats.
An average of 3-4 large young and high reproductive effort (Lemen and Voris 1981).
It generally occurs in slighter deeper waters (15 - 30m) ( A. Lobo pers. comm.).
Systems: Marine
Use and Trade [top]
Use and Trade: Sold for food and skins in Viet Nam (A. Rasmussen pers. comm. 2009).
Threats [top]
Major Threat(s): It is caught as bycatch in trawl fishing operations (A. Lobo pers. comm. 2009).
Conservation Actions [top]
Conservation Actions: There are no species-specific conservation measures in place.
Citation: Rasmussen, A., Sanders, K. & Lobo, A. 2010. Thalassophina viperina. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2010: e.T176711A7288083. http://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2010-4.RLTS.T176711A7288083.en. Downloaded on 27 January 2017.
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