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Description |
Geographic Range [top]
Range Description: This species is reported from Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu and Eastern Himalayas (Pullaiah et al. 2003). In Tamil Nadu it is reported from Palni, Anamalai and Tirunelveli hills (Manickam and Irudayaraj 1992). It is also reported from Sri Lanka (www.zipcodezoo.com).
Countries occurrence:
Native:
Bhutan; India (Andhra Pradesh, Sikkim, Tamil Nadu); Myanmar; Nepal; Sri Lanka
Additional data:
? Lower elevation limit (metres): 800
? Upper elevation limit (metres): 2300
Range Map: Click here to open the map viewer and explore range.
Population [top]
Population: It is common in Palni hills, occasional in Anamalai hills and rare in Tirunelveli hills (V. Irudayaraj pers. comm.).
Current Population Trend: Unknown
Additional data:
Habitat and Ecology [top]
Habitat and Ecology: It is a fern growing on partially exposed stream banks, wet places of roadsides and clearings between 800 to 2300m (Manickam and Irudayaraj 1992).
Systems: Terrestrial; Freshwater
Continuing decline in area, extent and/or quality of habitat: Unknown
Use and Trade [top]
Use and Trade: This species is not in use.
Threats [top]
Major Threat(s): Pilgrimage tourism is a major threat to the hill areas of Palni, Anamalai and Tirunelveli hills. Pollution (vehicular, plastics and fecal contamination in river eco system in the Thamiraparani River). In Tirunelveli forest area the species is under severe threat by deforestation and recreational activities.
Conservation Actions [top]
Conservation Actions: No conservation action in place. Detailed surveys and monitoring of habitats and population trends are essential.
Citation: Kumar, B. 2011. Thelypteris xylodes. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2011: e.T194167A8886686. http://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2011-1.RLTS.T194167A8886686.en. Downloaded on 27 January 2017.
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