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Description |
Geographic Range [top]
Range Description: The species is found from south China to India. In China, it has been recorded from Yunnan, Fujian, and Guangdong. In India it is found in the northern parts of Western Ghats from Maharashtra, Karnataka and Goa. Janarthanam and Henry (1992) have mentioned Gujarat in the in the distribution based on locality Junnar which is erroneous as Junnar is in Maharashtra. None of the other references record the presence of this species in Gujarat. All the records are from the top or foothills of Western Ghats.
Countries occurrence:
Native:
China (Fujian, Guangdong, Yunnan); India (Goa, Karnataka, Maharashtra); Myanmar (Myanmar (mainland)); Sri Lanka
Additional data:
? Estimated area of occupancy (AOO) - km2: 3000-4000 ? Continuing decline in area of occupancy (AOO): No
? Extreme fluctuations in area of occupancy (AOO): No ? Estimated extent of occurrence (EOO) - km2: 30000-35000
? Continuing decline in extent of occurrence (EOO): No ? Extreme fluctuations in extent of occurrence (EOO): No
? Continuing decline in number of locations: No
? Extreme fluctuations in the number of locations: No ? Lower elevation limit (metres): 100
? Upper elevation limit (metres): 2100
Range Map: Click here to open the map viewer and explore range.
Population [top]
Population: Population data are not available. It forms dense mats of more than 100 individuals per meter in suitable habitats.
Current Population Trend: Stable
Additional data:
? Continuing decline of mature individuals: No
? Extreme fluctuations: No ? Population severely fragmented: No
? Continuing decline in subpopulations: No
? Extreme fluctuations in subpopulations: No ? All individuals in one subpopulation: No
Habitat and Ecology [top]
Habitat and Ecology: The species grows on wet rocks, soil covered boulders and grassy slopes (Janarthanam and Henry 1992). It grows on primary or secondary bare rocky areas in the Western Ghats hills. It is dominant on basalt and lateritic rock outcrops and forms ephemeral flush vegetation. Other common habitats are marshes, swamps and stream sides.
Systems: Terrestrial; Freshwater
Continuing decline in area, extent and/or quality of habitat: Custom (.1)
Generation Length (years): 1
Use and Trade [top]
Use and Trade: In parts of west Maharashtra, Konkan area and in Goa, the species is used for decoration of Pandal at the time of Ganesh festival. However this is a very minor use and very localised. Hence not influencing the species population to any extent (A. Watve pers. obs. 2010).
Threats [top]
Major Threat(s): Local grazing and trampling pressures are one of the major factors affecting this species in India. This leads to soil compacting, changes in surface drainage and nutrient loads which can affect the species in the long run (A.Watve pers. obs. 2010). Many of the locations are also undergoing changes due to tourism, windmill farming etc. but the species can occupy secondary habitats and is not much affected by these land-use changes. These are not considered as major global threats at the moment but they might be important in the future in the Western Ghats region.
Conservation Actions [top]
Conservation Actions: No action has been reported so far. Since the habitat of this species is under threat from various developmental, tourism and mining activities, it is important to understand the long term impacts of this adaptable species. Continuous monitoring of habitats and populations are recommended.
Citation: Watve, A. 2011. Utricularia graminifolia. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2011: e.T168720A6529877. http://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2011-1.RLTS.T168720A6529877.en. Downloaded on 10 February 2017.
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