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Description |
Comprehensive Description
Brief
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Flowering class: Monocot Habit: Herb
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Distribution
National Distribution
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United States
Origin: Exotic
Regularity: Regularly occurring
Currently: Unknown/Undetermined
Confidence: Confident
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Global Distribution
India, Sri Lanka and Malesia
Indian distribution
State - Kerala, District/s: All Districts
"
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introduced; Fla.; native, Asia (India and the Malay Peninsula).
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Himalaya, India, Ceylon, Malay Peninsula; widely cultivated in Old World tropics.
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PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION
Morphology
Elevation Range
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150 m
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Description
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Rhizomes yellowish inside, tuberous. Pseudostems 0.6--2 m. Leaves sessile or shortly petiolate; ligule entire, 1.5--2 cm; leaf blade lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, 15--40 × 3--8 cm, glabrescent or abaxially somewhat pilose, base narrowed, apex acuminate. Inflorescences arising from rhizomes, conical or ovoid-oblong, 6--15 × 3.5--5 cm, apex obtuse; peduncle 10--30 cm, scalelike sheaths 5--7; bracts closely imbricate, green when young, red when old, slightly hairy, slimy adaxially, margin membranous; bracteoles ca. 1.5 cm. Calyx 1.2--2 cm, membranous, split on 1 side, apex 3-toothed. Corolla tube 2--3 cm, slender; lobes pale yellow, lanceolate, central one 1.5--2.5 cm. Labellum pale yellow, ca. 1.5 × 2.5 cm; central lobe suborbicular or subobovate, 1.5--2 × ca. 1.5 cm, apex emarginate; lateral lobes obovate, ca. 1 cm, free nearly to base. Stamen ca. 1 cm; connective appendage beaklike, ca. 8 mm. Ovary ca. 4 mm, glabrous. Capsule ellipsoid, 0.8--1.2 cm. Seeds black. Fl. Jul--Sep, fr. Oct. 2 n = 22*.
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Description
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Leaf blades oblanceolate or narrowly elliptical, 30--32 ´ 6--7 cm (smaller distally). Inflorescences erect, 7--11 ´ [3--]5--6 cm; bracts of main axis green when young, becoming red; proximal bracts reniform or very broadly ovate, concave, 2--3 ´ 3--4 cm, apex broadly rounded; distal bracts smaller but otherwise similar to proximal bracts, ca. 1 ´ 2 cm. Flowers: perianth and staminodes pale yellow.
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Diagnostic Description
Diagnostic
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"Rhizomatous herbs; stem upto 1.2 m tall. Leaves 15-35 x 4-7.5 cm, oblong or oblong-lanceolate, base obtuse, apex acuminate, pubescent below; ligule to 2.5 cm long. Peduncle 20-35 cm long; sheath to 6 cm long, oblong, apex rounded. Spikes 5-8 x 3.5 - 6 cm, ovoid or oblong; bracts 2-3.5 x 1.5-2 cm, broadly ovate, rounded, margin membranous, green, turning blood-red on maturity. Flowers white. Calyx tube 1-1.5 cm long, 3-lobed. Corolla to 2.5 cm long, dorsal lobe ovate-acuminate. Labellum c. 2 x 2 cm, 3-lobed, mid-lobe suborbicular, lateral lobes ovate, c. 1.2 cm long. Capsule 2-2.5 x c. 1 cm, oblong. Seeds 2-3 mm across, globose."
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Synonym
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Amomum zerumbet Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 1: 1. 1753.
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Synonym
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Amomum zerumbet Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 1: 1. 1753 F I
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ECOLOGY
Habitat
General Habitat
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Evergreen forests
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Disturbed areas; 50m.
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Habitat & Distribution
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Moist places in forests. Guangdong, Guangxi, Taiwan, Yunnan [Cambodia, India, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam].
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LIFE HISTORY AND BEHAVIOR
Cyclicity
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Flowering and fruiting: July-November
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Flowering/Fruiting
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Flowering fall (Oct).
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