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Description |
Geographic Range [top]
Range Description: This species is found from the Persian Gulf to Australia and Southern China (Holthuis 2002).
It has been recorded in the following regions: Persian Gulf (Sabiya Peninsula, Kuwait), India (Mumbai), Sri Lanka (Gulf of Manaar), South China (Hong Kong and Fuzhou), Gulf of Thailand (Viet Nam, Thailand), Malaysia (west coast off Penang and Sulu Sea off Sandakan), Singapore Straits, Phillippines, Indonesia (Sumatra, Irian Jaya, Maluku, Java Sea), and Australia (from Eighty Mile Beach, Western Australia, through Northern Territory and the Great Barrier Reef to Moreton Bay, Queensland) (Holthuis 2002).
Countries occurrence:
Native:
Australia (New South Wales, Northern Territory, Queensland, Western Australia); China (Fujian); Hong Kong; India (Kerala, Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu); Indonesia (Jawa, Maluku, Papua, Sumatera); Kuwait; Malaysia (Peninsular Malaysia, Sabah); Philippines; Singapore; Sri Lanka; Thailand; Viet Nam
FAO Marine Fishing Areas:
Native:
Indian Ocean – western; Indian Ocean – eastern; Pacific – western central
Additional data:
? Lower depth limit (metres): 73
? Upper depth limit (metres): 3
Range Map: Click here to open the map viewer and explore range.
Population [top]
Population: There is no population information for this species.
Current Population Trend: Unknown
Additional data:
? Population severely fragmented: Unknown
Habitat and Ecology [top]
Habitat and Ecology: This species is found at depths from 2.7 m to 73 m, but mostly between 10 and 20 m (Holthuis 2002). It is found on hard and sandy bottoms with various substrates (including shells and coral), and also coral reefs (Holthuis 2002).
Systems: Marine
Threats [top]
Major Threat(s): This species is caught as by-catch in Australias Northern Prawn Fishery (NPF) (Tonks et al. 2008), and in the New South Wales (NSW) Ocean Prawn Trawl Fishery, which both use demersal trawling methods (Macbeth et al. 2008). However, amounts caught in both these fisheries are small and probably do not impact populations of this species.
In India this is generally a non-commercially important species (Radhakrishnan et al. 2007), although a local fishery exists in the Gulf of Mannar between Sri Lanka and Tamil Nadu (Tamil Nadu Department of Environment 2003).
The deterioration of coral reefs globally, particularly in the Indo-West Pacific (Carpenter et al. 2008), may also present a threat to populations of this species. There are many causes of coral reef declines, most notably climate change (and coral bleaching); sedimentation from mangrove destruction; damage from overfishing (structural and to ecosystems); pollution; and anthropogenic influences (e.g., tourism and coastal development).
However given the extensive range of this species, these threats are likely only resulting in negligible, localised declines at the present time.
Conservation Actions [top]
Conservation Actions: There are no species-specific conservation measures in place for this species. In places its range coincides with marine protected areas (MPAs), although these suffer from low coverage and poor management in the Indo-Pacific region (Mora et al. 2006). Further work is recommended to assess the impact of coral reef declines on this species.
Citation: Chan, T.Y. 2011. Biarctus sordidus. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2011: e.T185032A8354796. http://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2011-1.RLTS.T185032A8354796.en. Downloaded on 16 March 2017.
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