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Description |
Geographic Range [top]
Range Description: Buceros rhinoceros is confined to the Sundaic lowlands of extreme south peninsular Thailand, Sabah, Sarawak and Peninsular Malaysia, Singapore (formerly), Kalimantan, Sumatra and Java, Indonesia and Brunei (BirdLife International 2001). It generally occurs at low densities, even in suitable habitat.
Countries occurrence:
Native:
Brunei Darussalam; Indonesia; Malaysia; Thailand
Regionally extinct:
Singapore
Additional data:
? Continuing decline in area of occupancy (AOO): Yes
? Extreme fluctuations in area of occupancy (AOO): No ? Estimated extent of occurrence (EOO) - km2: 3370000
? Continuing decline in extent of occurrence (EOO): Yes ? Extreme fluctuations in extent of occurrence (EOO): No
? Continuing decline in number of locations: Yes
? Extreme fluctuations in the number of locations: No
? Upper elevation limit (metres): 1400
Range Map: Click here to open the map viewer and explore range.
Population [top]
Population: The population size of this species has not been quantified.
Trend Justification: A moderately rapid decline is suspected to be occurring, as a result of the widespread destruction and degradation of lowland forests throughout the speciess range.
Current Population Trend: Decreasing
Additional data:
? Number of mature individuals: Unknown ? Continuing decline of mature individuals: Yes
? Extreme fluctuations: No ? Population severely fragmented: No
? Continuing decline in subpopulations: Yes
? Extreme fluctuations in subpopulations: No ? All individuals in one subpopulation: No
Habitat and Ecology [top]
Habitat and Ecology: This species occurs in extensive areas of primary lowland and hill forest, extending into tall secondary forest and swamp forests, up to 1,400 m.
Systems: Terrestrial
Continuing decline in area, extent and/or quality of habitat: Yes
Generation Length (years): 18.4
Movement patterns: Not a Migrant
Threats [top]
Major Threat(s): Forest destruction in the Sundaic lowlands of Indonesia has been extensive as a result of commercial and illegal logging, as well as agricultural development. In Borneo it is shot for food and hat feathers by local tribes. It returns to customary nest-holes, even after surrounding forest has been disturbed, and studies demonstrate that logging reduces overall numbers.
Conservation Actions [top]
Conservation Actions: Conservation Actions Underway
CITES Appendix II.
Conservation Actions Proposed
Monitor populations across the range to determine the magnitude of declines and rates of range contraction. Campaign for the protection of remaining extensive tracts of lowland forest in the Sundaic region.
Citation: BirdLife International. 2016. Buceros rhinoceros. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016: e.T22682450A92946852. http://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22682450A92946852.en. Downloaded on 16 August 2017.
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