| Citation |
IUCN SSC Amphibian Specialist Group 2015. Leptolalax melicus. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2015: e.T48101708A48101712. http://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-2.RLTS.T48101708A48101712.en. Downloaded on 09 May 2019. |
Description |
Geographic Range
NATIVE
Extant (resident)
Cambodia
Presence Uncertain
Lao Peoples Democratic Republic; Viet Nam
NUMBER OF LOCATIONS
1
UPPER ELEVATION LIMIT
850 metres
LOWER ELEVATION LIMIT
600 metres
UPPER DEPTH LIMIT
LOWER DEPTH LIMIT
Geographic Range in detail
ESTIMATED AREA OF OCCUPANCY (AOO) (KM²)
CONTINUING DECLINE IN AREA OF OCCUPANCY (AOO)
EXTREME FLUCTUATIONS IN AREA OF OCCUPANCY (AOO)
ESTIMATED EXTENT OF OCCURRENCE (EOO) (KM²)
3791.56
CONTINUING DECLINE IN EXTENT OF OCCURRENCE (EOO)
Yes
EXTREME FLUCTUATIONS IN EXTENT OF OCCURRENCE (EOO)
CONTINUING DECLINE IN NUMBER OF LOCATIONS
EXTREME FLUCTUATIONS IN THE NUMBER OF LOCATIONS
RANGE DESCRIPTION
This species is only known to occur within Virachey National Park, Ratanakiri Province, Cambodia at 600-850 m asl. Its range probably extends into adjacent areas of the Kon Tum Plateau including Dong Amphan National Protected Area in Lao Peoples Democratic Republic and Mom Ray Nature Reserve in Viet Nam (Rowley et al. 2010). Although this is yet to be confirmed, its range map includes suitable habitat contiguous with the species known localities. At present, however, the species known locality is small and represents only one threat-defined location and an estimated extent of occurrence (EOO) of 3,792 km². This EOO is also likely in decline due to deforestation (Bottomley 2000, Conservation International 2007, Grimsditch 2012).
Population
CURRENT POPULATION TREND
Decreasing
NUMBER OF MATURE INDIVIDUALS
POPULATION SEVERELY FRAGMENTED
CONTINUING DECLINE OF MATURE INDIVIDUALS
Population in detail
EXTREME FLUCTUATIONS
NO. OF SUBPOPULATIONS
CONTINUING DECLINE IN SUBPOPULATIONS
EXTREME FLUCTUATIONS IN SUBPOPULATIONS
ALL INDIVIDUALS IN ONE SUBPOPULATION
NO. OF INDIVIDUALS IN LARGEST SUBPOPULATION
DESCRIPTION
Very little information is available on the population of this species, except that it was described from seven individuals (Rowley et al. 2010), which are, as yet, the only individuals to have been recorded. Further surveys are warranted to determine this species population size and trends, but due to ongoing loss of forest habitats in the region, its population is suspected to be decreasing.
Habitat and Ecology
SYSTEM
Terrestrial, Freshwater (=Inland waters)
HABITAT TYPE
Wetlands (inland), Forest
GENERATION LENGTH (YEARS)
CONGREGATORY
MOVEMENT PATTERNS
CONTINUING DECLINE IN AREA, EXTENT AND/OR QUALITY OF HABITAT
Yes
Habitat and Ecology in detail
HABITAT AND ECOLOGY
This species is closely associated with rocky streams within hilly evergreen forest. Males have been observed calling from on rocks, in crevices, on tree roots, and under leaf litter during the monsoon season (approximately April - November), when reproduction is expected to occur (Rowley et al. 2010). Eggs and larvae of L. melicus are unknown, however it likely has a free-swimming larval stage like all other Leptolalax species for which larvae are known (J. Rowley pers. comm., February 2015). The quality and area of this species habitat is in decline due to encroachment of logging and damming projects (Bottomley 2000; Conservation International 2007; Grimsditch 2012).
CLASSIFICATION SCHEME
Habitats Suitability Major importance
1. Forest 1.6. Forest - Subtropical/Tropical Moist Lowland Suitable Yes
5. Wetlands (inland) 5.1. Wetlands (inland) - Permanent Rivers/Streams/Creeks (includes waterfalls) Suitable Yes
5.2. Wetlands (inland) - Seasonal/Intermittent/Irregular Rivers/Streams/Creeks Suitable Yes
Threats
Agriculture & aquaculture
Annual & perennial non-timber crops
Biological resource use
Logging & wood harvesting
Natural system modifications
Dams & water management/use
Threats in detail
THREATS
The only known habitat of this species is within Virachey National Park, which is bordered by other protected areas. However habitat within this area is threatened by logging and upstream hydroelectric dams (Bottomley 2000, Conservation International 2007, Grimsditch 2012).
CLASSIFICATION SCHEME
Threats Timing Stresses Scope Severity Impact score Invasive species Virus
2. Agriculture & aquaculture 2.1. Annual & perennial non-timber crops 2.1.2. Small-holder farming Ongoing
1. Ecosystem stresses 1.1. Ecosystem conversion
1.2. Ecosystem degradation
1.3. Indirect ecosystem effects
2. Species Stresses 2.2. Species disturbance
Unknown Unknown Unknown
5. Biological resource use 5.3. Logging & wood harvesting 5.3.2. Intentional use: (large scale) [harvest] Ongoing
1. Ecosystem stresses 1.1. Ecosystem conversion
1.2. Ecosystem degradation
1.3. Indirect ecosystem effects
2. Species Stresses 2.2. Species disturbance
Unknown Unknown Unknown
5.3.3. Unintentional effects: (subsistence/small scale) [harvest] Ongoing
1. Ecosystem stresses 1.1. Ecosystem conversion
1.2. Ecosystem degradation
1.3. Indirect ecosystem effects
2. Species Stresses 2.2. Species disturbance
Unknown Unknown Unknown
7. Natural system modifications 7.2. Dams & water management/use 7.2.10. Large dams Ongoing
1. Ecosystem stresses 1.3. Indirect ecosystem effects
2. Species Stresses 2.2. Species disturbance
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