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Description |
Geographic Range [top]
Range Description: C. abstrusa is endemic to Indonesia and is known from two sites: one in Pulau Nias, and "Padang" on west coast of Sumatra (Inger and Marx 1965); this latter record presumably refers to nearby forest rather than to the city itself. It is possible that Padang, a port, may in fact be a transit point rather than part of the snakes native range, however as several specimens are known with this locality, and the species is not of commercial interest, this is considered unlikely (D.T. Iskandar pers. comm. March 2012).
The extent of occurrence is unclear; of the known localities Nias has an area little greater than 4,000 km2, and most of this island has now been converted to unsuitable habitat, as has forest near Padang. The precise area where the species has been found in mainland Sumatra is however unknown, and it is possible that this cryptic snake is considerably more widespread on the island than is presently known (D.T. Iskandar pers. comm. March 2012).
Countries occurrence:
Native:
Indonesia (Sumatera)
Additional data:
? Number of Locations: 2
Range Map: Click here to open the map viewer and explore range.
Population [top]
Population: Only seven specimens are known for this species, five of which were recorded from unspecified sites (in Sumatra). One specimen was collected from Nias and another from Padang. Specific information on population is not available, but decline is inferred as habitat is declining.
Current Population Trend: Decreasing
Additional data:
? Population severely fragmented: Yes
Habitat and Ecology [top]
Habitat and Ecology: This semi-fossorial species is thought to inhabit lowland rainforest habitat.
Systems: Terrestrial
Use and Trade [top]
Use and Trade: This species is not used or traded.
Threats [top]
Major Threat(s): The forest cover of Nias has mainly been converted to rubber plantation since Dutch colonization, so that the original forest is practically gone. The second locality is "Padang", which might refer to the closest historically forested area to Padang in the past (Kayu Tanam), but that area has now been converted with only patches of original forest remaining. The area of remaining forest is estimated to have declined by 40% over the past 10 years based on field observations (D.T. Iskandar pers. comm. September 2011).
Conservation Actions [top]
Conservation Actions: There are no known conservation measures in place for this species at the present time. Further research into the threats, range, ecology and habitat status is needed, and population and habitat monitoring is recommended. The establishment and management of protected areas could provide valuable refuge sites for this species.
Citation: Iskandar, D., Das, I. & Lilley, R. 2012. Calamaria abstrusa. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2012: e.T176623A1442170. http://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2012-1.RLTS.T176623A1442170.en. Downloaded on 21 February 2019.
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