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Description |
Geographic Range [top]
Range Description: This widespread snake is found throughout much of Southeast Asia. It has been recorded from southern Thailand, Peninsular Malaysia (and the island of Pulau Tioman), Singapore, Indonesia, Borneo and the Philippines (occurring on Basilan, Mindanao, Camiguin Sur, Negros, possibly Panay, Bohol, Leyte, Samar, Dinagat and Siargao) (Ross and Lazell Jr 1990, Cox et al. 1998, Stuebing and Inger 1999, Malkmus et al. 2002, Das 2007, A. Diesmos and A. Demegillo pers. comm.). It can be found from lowland areas to around 1,400m asl (Cox et al. 1998). In Indonesia it is known from the Mentawai and Nasuna Besar Archipelagos, and Nias (David and Vogel 1996), Sumatra, Java (Inger and Voris 2001) and Sulawesi. The snake is known from fifteen localities on the island of Borneo (R. Inger pers. comm.), where it is found in all political territories.
Countries occurrence:
Native:
Brunei Darussalam; Indonesia (Jawa, Kalimantan, Sumatera); Malaysia (Peninsular Malaysia, Sabah, Sarawak); Philippines; Singapore; Thailand
Additional data:
? Upper elevation limit (metres): 1430
Range Map: Click here to open the map viewer and explore range.
Population [top]
Population: David and Vogel (1996) caution that, although this species is apparently widespread, it is uncommon and seldom seen; however it is generally a common species in the Philippines.
Current Population Trend: Stable
Additional data:
? Population severely fragmented: No
Habitat and Ecology [top]
Habitat and Ecology: This oviparous species mainly inhabits lowland and montane moist forests. It probably also occurs in plantations and in the vicinity of rice paddies (David and Vogel 1996). ARCBC (2006) also state that this species can tolerate "degraded, secondary forest and scrub" and R. Inger (pers. comm.) notes it is also found in thin wooded areas at the edge of cities. It is a ground-dwelling or semi-fossorial snake, mainly active at night and often found among litter or under stones, fallen trees and decaying vegetation.
Systems: Terrestrial
Use and Trade [top]
Use and Trade: This species is not used or traded.
Threats [top]
Major Threat(s): It is unlikely that any major threat is impacting this species across its range, as it is widespread and tolerant of habitat modification. As with many snakes, it is occasionally killed when encountered.
Conservation Actions [top]
Conservation Actions: This species is present within many protected areas. There is a need for further taxonomic study of this wide ranging species. No direct conservation measures are currently needed for this species as a whole.
Citation: Grismer, L., Chan-Ard, T. & Inger, R.F. 2012. Calamaria lumbricoidea. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2012: e.T176627A1442600. http://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2012-1.RLTS.T176627A1442600.en. Downloaded on 27 February 2019.
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