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Description |
Geographic Range [top]
Countries occurrence:
Native:
Australia; Bangladesh; Brunei Darussalam; Cambodia; China; Christmas Island; Guam; Hong Kong; India; Indonesia; Japan; Kazakhstan; Korea, Democratic Peoples Republic of; Korea, Republic of; Kyrgyzstan; Lao Peoples Democratic Republic; Malaysia; Micronesia, Federated States of ; Mongolia; Myanmar; Nepal; Northern Mariana Islands; Oman; Palau; Papua New Guinea; Philippines; Russian Federation; Singapore; Sri Lanka; Taiwan, Province of China; Thailand; Timor-Leste; United Arab Emirates; United States; Viet Nam
Vagrant:
Bahrain; Ethiopia; Greece; Iran, Islamic Republic of; Ireland; Israel; Kenya; Maldives; Mozambique; Saudi Arabia; Seychelles; Solomon Islands; South Africa; Sweden; United Kingdom; Yemen
Continuing decline in area of occupancy (AOO): Unknown
Extreme fluctuations in area of occupancy (AOO): No
Estimated extent of occurrence (EOO) - km2: 316000
Continuing decline in extent of occurrence (EOO): Unknown
Extreme fluctuations in extent of occurrence (EOO): No
Continuing decline in number of locations: Unknown
Extreme fluctuations in the number of locations: No
Range Map: Click here to open the map viewer and explore range.
Population [top]
Population: The global population is estimated to number > c.25,000 individuals (Wetlands International, 2006), while national population estimates include: c.50-10,000 individuals on migration in China; c.50-10,000 wintering individuals in Taiwan; c.50-10,000 individuals on migration in Korea; c.50-1,000 individuals on migration and < c.1,000 wintering individuals in Japan and c.10,000-100,000 breeding pairs and c.1,000-10,000 individuals on migration in Russia (Brazil 2009).
Trend Justification: The population trend is difficult to determine because of uncertainty over the extent of threats to the species.
Current Population Trend: Unknown
Additional data:
?Continuing decline of mature individuals: Unknown
?Extreme fluctuations: No ?Population severely fragmented: No
?Continuing decline in subpopulations: Unknown
?Extreme fluctuations in subpopulations: No ?All individuals in one subpopulation: No
Habitat and Ecology [top]
Habitat and Ecology: Behaviour This species is strongly migratory and travels largely overland on a broad front between its breeding and wintering grounds (del Hoyo et al. 1996). It breeds from early-June to July in solitary pairs, usually well-dispersed but sometimes very close together within wetlands (del Hoyo et al. 1996). The departure from the breeding grounds starts in July and peaks between August and September, with the return northward migration peaking between April and May (del Hoyo et al. 1996). The species is only mildly gregarious outside of the breeding season and usually forages singly or in small groups (del Hoyo et al. 1996) of 3-7 individuals although it rarely also occurs in flocks of between 15 and 50 individuals (Johnsgard 1981). Habitat Breeding The species breeds near pools (Johnsgard 1981) on open, grassy bogs or swamps (Johnsgard 1981, Flint et al. 1984, del Hoyo et al. 1996) or on mountain tundra (Flint et al. 1984) in boreal forest (taiga) (Johnsgard 1981, del Hoyo et al. 1996), showing a preference for areas with mosses, sedges and dwarf willows Salix spp. for nesting (Johnsgard 1981). Non-breeding Outside of the breeding season the species occupies shallow inland wetlands (Johnsgard 1981, Higgins and Davies 1996, del Hoyo et al. 1996) and although it shows no preference over fresh, brackish or saline waters it does require habitats with soft, muddy shorelines and short grass (Johnsgard 1981, Higgins and Davies 1996), sedges, floating aquatic vegetation, reeds and rushes (Higgins and Davies 1996). Suitable habitats include the edges of permanent and temporary lakes (Johnsgard 1981, Higgins and Davies 1996), ponds, reservoirs (Higgins and Davies 1996), lagoons, swamps (Johnsgard 1981, Higgins and Davies 1996) and streams, river flood-plains (Higgins and Davies 1996), marshes (Johnsgard 1981), rice-fields (del Hoyo et al. 1996), sewage ponds, saltpans (Higgins and Davies 1996, del Hoyo et al. 1996) and saltmarshes (del Hoyo et al. 1996). The species also less frequently occurs around tidal estuaries (Higgins and Davies 1996) on intertidal mudflats (Johnsgard 1981, del Hoyo et al. 1996). Diet Its diet includes insects (e.g. carabid beetles), small gastropod molluscs, crustaceans (del Hoyo et al. 1996) amphibians (Johnsgard 1981) and seeds (del Hoyo et al. 1996). Breeding site The nest is a shallow depression (del Hoyo et al. 1996) on a hummock of sedge (Flint et al. 1984) well-hidden (del Hoyo et al. 1996) in areas with mosses, sedges and dwarf willows Salix spp. near pools (Johnsgard 1981) on open, grassy bogs or swamps (Johnsgard 1981, Flint et al. 1984, del Hoyo et al. 1996) or on mountain tundra (Flint et al. 1984) in boreal forest (taiga) (Johnsgard 1981, del Hoyo et al. 1996). The species shows a high degree of nest site fidelity (del Hoyo et al. 1996).
Systems: Terrestrial; Freshwater; Marine
Continuing decline in area, extent and/or quality of habitat: Unknown
Generation Length (years): 7.4
Movement patterns: Full Migrant
Congregatory: Congregatory (and dispersive)
Citation: BirdLife International. 2012. Calidris subminuta. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2012: e.T22693392A38799285. http://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2012-1.RLTS.T22693392A38799285.en. Downloaded on 09 March 2016.
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